So, you’ve decided to become the proud owner of a tiny house or park model, congratulations! This is an exciting step toward a more efficient, flexible, and intentional way of living. However, with this decision comes several important considerations, from choosing the right design to understanding legal requirements and ensuring long-term functionality.
We’re here to help simplify the process and guide you toward making the best choice for your needs. In this blog, we’ll break down everything you need to know key features to look for, zoning and permit requirements, and essential tips to ensure your tiny home is built to last. Whether you’re just starting your research or ready to take the next step, this guide will help you navigate the journey with confidence.
Tiny House vs Park Model- What’s the difference?
Tiny House
In Washington, a tiny house is defined as a dwelling no larger than 400 square feet, excluding lofts. It must include permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, and sanitation. This applies to both tiny houses on wheels and those built on permanent foundations.
Park Model
Park Model RVs (PMRVs) are designed for temporary living, such as recreational or seasonal use. Built on a single chassis with wheels, they must meet the ANSI A119.5 standard. In Washington, PMRVs are regulated under WAC Chapter 296-150P.
Definition And Classification
Regulations and Legal Differences
Utility and Infrastructure Requirements
Where can these Units be Placed?
Regulations and Codes
Tiny Houses
Building Standards
Tiny houses must comply with the Washington State Building Code, which includes adherence to the International Residential Code (IRC) and the state’s specific amendments, such as Appendix Q. Appendix Q provides guidelines tailored for tiny homes, addressing aspects like ceiling heights, lofts, and stairways to ensure safety and habitability.
Foundation Requirements
The foundation type of your tiny house significantly impacts its classification and the applicable regulations:
Permanent Foundation
Tiny houses on permanent foundations are generally treated like traditional dwellings and must meet all local building codes and zoning regulations. This includes obtaining necessary permits and ensuring the structure complies with residential standards.
On Wheels (Movable)
Tiny houses on wheels are often classified as recreational vehicles (RVs) or park model recreational vehicles (PMRVs). Their use as permanent residences is subject to local zoning laws, which can vary widely. Some jurisdictions may allow them in RV parks or as accessory dwelling units (ADUs), while others may restrict or prohibit their use as full-time residences.
Zoning and Placement
Local zoning regulations play a crucial role in determining where a tiny house can be located:
Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs)
Many urban areas permit tiny houses as ADUs, either attached or detached from the primary residence. However, specific requirements such as minimum lot sizes, parking provisions, and design standards can vary. For instance, Clark County allows both attached and detached ADUs in most urban zones, while rural zones may have more restrictions.
Tiny House Communities
Some counties have embraced the development of tiny house communities, providing designated areas where multiple tiny homes can coexist. These communities often have specific guidelines and amenities tailored for tiny house living.
Permitting and Inspections
The permitting process for tiny houses depends on their construction and intended use:
Off-Site Construction
If building a tiny house off-site to be moved later, the Washington State Department of Labor & Industries (L&I) oversees the plan approval and inspection process. This includes submitting detailed plans, undergoing multiple inspections at various construction stages, and obtaining the necessary insignia upon approval.
On-Site Construction
For tiny houses built on the property where they will reside, local building departments handle permitting and inspections. It’s essential to consult with local authorities to understand specific requirements and ensure compliance.
Utilities and Services
Regardless of the foundation type, tiny houses must have access to essential utilities:
Water and Sewer
Connection to approved water and sewage systems is typically mandatory. This may involve connecting to municipal services or installing approved septic systems, depending on the location.
Electrical
All electrical work must be performed by licensed professionals and comply with the National Electrical Code. An electrical permit from L&I or the local jurisdiction is usually required.
Local Variations
Regulations can vary significantly between jurisdictions within Washington State:
Urban vs. Rural
Urban areas may have more stringent zoning laws but offer more amenities and services, while rural areas might provide more flexibility but with limited infrastructure.
County-Specific Rules
Some counties have specific ordinances addressing tiny houses. For example, Soap Lake has adopted regulations to encourage single units and clusters of tiny homes on city lots, with size requirements ranging from a minimum of 200 square feet to a maximum of 1,000 square feet.
Park Models
State Insignia Requirement
PMRVs built and sold in Washington must display a state insignia to qualify for placement. Homes built out of state may require additional approval to ensure they meet Washington’s standards.
Placement and Zoning
Permanent Placement
Some counties, like Grant County, allow PMRVs to be placed as permanent residences if they meet specific criteria, including being permanently affixed to a foundation system per ANSI A225.1 or an approved engineered system and being connected to water, sewer, and electrical systems.
Local Regulations
Regulations can vary by jurisdiction. For instance, the City of Port Angeles permits PMRVs as alternatives to traditional detached accessory dwelling units in certain zones, provided they comply with specific standards and obtain the necessary permits.
Permitting and Inspections
Building Permits
A building permit is typically required to place a PMRV on a property. Applicants may need to provide a detailed site plan, structural drawings, and proof of ownership.
Additional Requirements
Depending on the location, additional requirements may include proof of potable water, septic system approval, road approach permits, and compliance with local building codes.
Movement and Transportation
Special Movement Permits
Moving a PMRV may require a special movement permit. For units constructed before June 15, 1976, additional certifications or affidavits may be necessary.
Utility Connections
PMRVs must be connected to approved water, wastewater, and electrical systems. Standards for these connections are typically outlined in local municipal codes.
Snow Load Requirements
In areas with significant snowfall, PMRVs must meet specific snow load requirements. If a unit does not meet these requirements, a snow roof shelter designed to handle the local snow load may be required.
Building
Building your tiny house or park model with a professional company like West Coast Homes offers several advantages over a DIY approach or hiring an independent builder. First, expertise and experience ensure that your home meets Washington State building codes, zoning laws, and ANSI standards which overall could save you from costly compliance issues. Another key benefit is time and cost efficiency. While DIY projects or independent builders may seem more affordable at first, mistakes, delays, and unexpected material costs can quickly add up. Going through a company such as West Coast Homes provides transparent pricing, clear contracts, and even financing assistance, helping you stay within budget and on schedule. Additionally, permitting and compliance can be a major headache for tiny homeowners (as you may have gathered from the above sections). West Coast Homes helps takes care of the entire permitting process, so that you don’t have to go through it all alone, ensuring that your home is legally approved for placement. Our builds also undergo state and third-party inspections, giving you confidence in the safety and durability of your home. Choosing a professional builder also means warranty protection and long-term support. Unlike DIY builds or independent contractors, companies such as West Coast Homes offers warranties on materials and workmanship. If any issues arise, customer service, maintenance guidance, and repair support are provided, giving you peace of mind long after your home is complete.
Choosing between a tiny house and a park model is an exciting step toward a more intentional and flexible way of living. However, understanding the legal requirements, zoning regulations, and building standards is essential to making an informed decision. Whether you’re planning to build a permanent home or looking for a seasonal retreat, ensuring compliance with Washington State’s regulations will set you up for long-term success. Partnering with a qualified builder like West Coast Homes takes the guesswork out of the process. From expert craftsmanship and code compliance to permitting assistance and long-term support, we make the journey to tiny home living seamless and stress-free.
